Weston 08-2201-W Instruction Manual download pdf (Page 19)

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SAUSAGE INFORMATION

MEAT SELECTION FOR SAUSAGE MAKING

Sausage making has evolved over many years and generations, and as a result there are countless types

of sausage you can make using the basic ingredients of meat, fat and a few carefully blended spices.

Following are a few simple guidelines that will help you make the best tasting sausage possible.

Any type of meat can be used for making sausage: pork, beef, bison, moose and caribou, even antelope

make great sausage. It is important when preparing venison or other red game meats to trim all the fat

from the meat, as red game tallow will turn rancid in as few as ﬁ ve days. Replace the fat with either pork

or beef fat, depending on the type of product you are making, at a ratio of 1 pound (0.5 kg) of fat for every

4 pounds (1.8 kg) of game meat.

The fat content of your sausage will affect the taste, texture, cooking characteristics and shelf life of your

product. Most commercially made sausage has a fat content of about 20%. Using less than 12% fat will

result in a very dry tasting sausage, while using more than 20% may result in a sticky ﬂ avorless sausage

that will be difﬁ cult to cook.

CURING

It is important to properly cure meats to preserve meat and poultry, and to destroy undesirable

microorganisms on the meat surfaces that cause spoilage and food born illnesses. There are many steps

that help in this process, including smoking, cooking, drying, chilling and the addition of cure ingredients.

The oldest means of accomplishing this is by introducing salt into the meat. The resistance of bacteria

to salt varies widely among different types of bacteria. The growth of some bacteria is inhibited by salt

concentrations as low as 3%, e.g., Salmonella, whereas other types are able to survive in much higher salt

concentrations, e.g., Staphylococcus. Fortunately, the growth of many undesirable organisms normally

found in cured meat and poultry products is inhibited at low concentrations of salt.

Modern curing is based on Nitrates and is very scientiﬁ c. The best way to ensure proper curing is to

purchase one of the many commercially available curing agents from either a grocery store or your local

butcher. A very common cure is Prague Powder, which is available in two types (#1 and #2).

CASING

There are many different types of casings available, the right choice depends on personal preference as

well as the type of sausage you wish to make. For most sausages, your choices are natural or collagen.

Don’t let the names fool you; collagen casings are not a synthetic product . They are made from beef skin

and other tissues. Collagen casings are uniform in size and texture and require almost no preparation.

“Natural” casings are the intestines of lamb, sheep, hogs or beef. They are less uniform in size and require

substantial preparation. For those reasons, more than 75% of commercially made sausage in the U.S. is

made with collagen casing. There are also ﬁ brous non-edible casings that are used for some varieties of

smoked sausages and bolognas.

TYPES OF SAUSAGE

Most sausages fall into one of four categories: Fresh, Smoked, Cooked or Dried. All sausages, except

dried, require refrigerated storage. There is also a sub-category of uncooked smoked sausages.

Among the fresh and uncooked smoked sausages, you will ﬁ nd such ﬂ avors as kielbasa or Polish sausage,

Italian sausage, breakfast sausage and many others. Both fresh and uncooked smoked sausages require

cooking before eating and also require refrigerated storage.

Smoked and cooked sausages include salami, bologna, the ever-popular hot dogs and many others.

Proper smoking requires a smokehouse or smoker. These can be simple home-built structures made

from metal drums or even old refrigerators or they can be elaborate manufactured units. Most smoked

sausages are warmed before serving. Many people think that a smoked sausage will last much longer

without spoilage, but this is not true. Smoked sausages should be treated the same as fresh sausage in

terms of storage.

Dried sausages require the longest processing time, as they are air dried over a long period of time. Some

types of dry sausages are pepperoni, prosciutto and a variety of ham products, just to name a few. The

conditions under which the meat is dried are very exacting; temperature, time and humidity must all be

carefully monitored for a safe and delicious product.

STORAGE

It is important to remember that sausage will lose its ﬂ avor the longer that it is stored. It is recommended

that you only make as much sausage as you will need for 4-6 weeks. Even frozen sausage will begin to

lose ﬂ avor noticeably after 6 weeks. Frozen sausage should be thawed slowly in the refrigerator before

cooking or serving. Quick thawing of the product will degrade the taste as well.

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Weston 08-2201-W Instruction Manual Page 19

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